Based on the above and the comments in your original thread (particularly that you see the same issue in Xbian and Openelec) I think you have a hardware problem.
You say you’re using an external “powered” hub - what do you mean exactly ?
Do you mean you have a USB hub with a power adaptor of it’s own connected to the Pi, and then a self (usb) powered hard drive is connected to the hub and drawing power from the hub’s power adaptor ? Or does the hard drive itself have a power adaptor ?
Have you tried a different USB hub ? A different USB cable between the hub and the hard drive ? (Maybe the drive is not getting enough power) Have you tried a different USB hard drive ?
What is the power rating of the adaptor for your Pi 2 ? If it’s a 2 amps you might get away with running the hard drive directly from the USB port of the Pi 2 after you enable max_usb_current in Pi settings and reboot. (This allows the USB ports to provide additional power, if your power adaptor is capable enough)
Unfortunately I think you’re going to have to experiment with variations on your hardware configuration to find what the cause is, but I doubt it is a software issue.
By external usb hub I mean with external power for the USB HUB only. The hdd has no power of its own.
The power adapter is 2.1 amps, so I will try that. But as you point out, as I see the same problem with other dists maybe something is wrong with my Pi2. I will experiment a little, but as a state in the other thread, the kernal panic comes even if I don’t plug in the external harddrive so the hub does not matter. I just thought that in the beginning…
@DBMandrake After going through 5 different sd cards, it seems like I finally have gotten it to work. The first two I tried was the following SD card → Samsung MicroSDHC 8GB Class 6.
The one I finally got to work is from transcend, and comes from an xperia phone. No idea what class it is, but the size is 8 gb.
Is the Pi 2 known for having issues with SD card or can one really be so unlucky to get so many corrupt cards?